Laser sandblasting machines are highly efficient surface treatment equipment widely used in industrial production, handicraft processing, and other fields. New users often find themselves at a loss when encountering equipment failures. However, many common faults have established solutions, and mastering basic techniques makes them easily manageable. Below, we introduce common laser sandblasting machine faults and repair methods.
Abnormal Laser Output
Abnormal laser output is a common fault with laser sandblasting machines, manifesting primarily as insufficient laser intensity, no laser output, or unstable laser output. This condition may have the following causes:
Laser tube aging is a common cause of abnormal laser output. Laser tubes have a limited lifespan, and their performance gradually deteriorates with long-term use. To determine whether a laser tube is aging, observe its light output. If the light is dim or uneven, it is likely due to aging. In this case, a novice can simply replace the laser tube with a new one. When replacing, ensure that the model matches the laser tube and that the laser tube is level during installation to avoid collisions.
Optical path deviation can also affect laser output. During laser transmission, the laser passes through components such as reflectors. If the optical path deviates, the laser cannot be accurately focused, resulting in erratic output. To check the optical path, open the device casing and observe whether the laser transmission path is aligned with the center of the reflector. If there is any deviation, adjust the reflector until the laser passes accurately. Be careful when adjusting and avoid touching the reflector surface to prevent contamination that could affect the reflective effect.
Also, a power failure may cause erratic laser output. Check that the power connection is secure and the fuse is not blown. If the fuse is blown, replace it with one of the same specification. If the power connection is loose, re-seat it.
Poor Sanding Results
Poor sanding results are mainly manifested in insufficient surface roughness, unclear patterns, or uneven sanding depth. This may be caused by the following reasons:
Improper sandpaper or abrasive selection directly affects sanding results. Different workpiece materials and processing requirements require different grit sizes. If the sandpaper grit is too large, the surface will be too rough; if the grit is too small, the sanding effect will not be ideal. Beginners should choose the appropriate sandpaper or abrasive material based on their needs. When changing, ensure it is securely mounted to prevent it from falling off during sanding.
Improper equipment parameter settings can also be a major factor. Parameters such as laser power and sanding speed can affect sanding results. If the laser power is too low, the sanding depth will be insufficient; if the speed is too high, the pattern may be unclear. Beginners can refer to the equipment manual and gradually adjust the parameters until satisfactory results are achieved.
In addition, inadequate workpiece fixturing can also lead to poor sanding results. If the workpiece shakes during sanding, the sanding position will shift, affecting accuracy. Therefore, ensure that the workpiece is securely fixed to the workbench and select the appropriate fixture based on the workpiece shape.
Abnormal Noises During Equipment Operation
Abnormal noises during equipment operation often indicate a problem with a mechanical component and require prompt attention, otherwise they may cause more serious damage.
Bearing wear is a common cause of abnormal noises. The rotating components of laser sanding machines are equipped with bearings. After long-term use, bearings wear and produce grinding noises. To determine whether bearing wear is present, feel the rotating component for noticeable vibration. If so, the bearing should be replaced. When replacing bearings, ensure they match the model and apply a proper amount of lubricant during installation.
A loose or aged drive belt can also cause abnormal noise. The drive belt connects the motor and other rotating components. If it’s loose, it can cause slippage and noise. If it’s aged, it can crack, affecting transmission efficiency. When inspecting the drive belt, if it’s loose, adjust the belt tension. If it’s severely aged, replace it promptly.
Foreign objects may have entered the equipment. During the sandblasting process, sand or other debris may get between the mechanical components, causing abnormal noise. In this case, immediately shut down the machine, open the machine casing, remove any foreign objects, and ensure the interior is clean and tidy.
Control System Failure
Control system failure can cause the device to malfunction, such as an unresponsive control panel or program interruptions.
Poor connection of connecting cables is a common cause of control system failure. The device’s control system is connected by multiple cables. Loose or poor connection of the connecting cables can interrupt signal transmission. New users can check that the connectors of each cable are securely plugged in and that there’s no oxidation on the connectors. If oxidation is present, wipe them clean with alcohol and reconnect them. Software glitches can also cause control system anomalies. Sometimes, errors occur during program execution, preventing the device from functioning properly. In this case, restart the device and reload the program. If the problem persists, you may need to reinstall the control software, following the instructions in the manual.
Also, damaged control panel buttons can affect operation. If a button is unresponsive, it may be due to internal damage. New users can contact the manufacturer to have the button replaced or have it repaired by a professional.
In short, most common laser sandblasting machine failures have identifiable causes. New users can easily resolve most issues by understanding the causes and repair methods, remaining calm, and following the correct troubleshooting procedures. Regular maintenance and upkeep of the equipment, such as cleaning, inspecting components, and adding lubricants, can reduce the likelihood of failures and extend the life of the equipment.
